一、初一英语重点知识点归纳

初一英语常考知识

have/ has的用法：

1)谓语动词have表示“有”，有两种形式：have和has，前者用于第一人称(I, we)，第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they)，后者用于第三人称单数(he, she, it)或单数名词。

I have an apple and he has two bananas.我有一个苹果，他有两个香蕉。

You have a new English teacher.你们有了一个新的英语老师。

It has two big eyes.它有一双大眼睛。

Julie and Jack have a nice car.朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。

2) have/has句型与there be句型的比较：两者都表示“有”，但用法不同。前者表示所属关系，即表示“某人或某物有什么”，而后者表示存在，表示“某地有什么”。

They have some new books.他们有一些新书。

There are some new books on their desks.他们桌子上有一些新书。

She has a lot of pretty skirts.她有很多漂亮的裙子。

There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop.商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。

3) have/ has的否定句，一般要加助动词do/ does，再加not构成，即do not have(don’t have)/ does not have(doesn’t have)

.She does not have a sister.她没有姐姐。

We don’t have any classes on Saturday.我们星期六没有课。

Ann and I don’t have a big room.我和安没有一个大房间。

4)一般疑问句由“助动词Do/ Does+主语+ have+宾语”构成，回答用Yes,… do/ does.或者No,… don’t/ doesn’t.

--Do you have a big house?他们的房子大吗?

--No, they don’t.不，他们的房子不大。

--Does he have an eraser?他有橡皮吗?

--Yes, he does.他有的。

5)特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词+助动词do/ does+ have(+状语)构成。

What do they have?他们有什么?

What does he have?他有什么?

How many telephones do they have?他们有几部电话?

初一英语基础知识

短语归纳

1.play chess下国际象棋

2.play the guitar弹吉他

3.speak English说英语

4.English club英语俱乐部

5.talk to跟…说

6.play the violin拉小提琴

7.play the piano弹钢琴

8.play the drums敲鼓

9.make friends结交朋友

10.do kung fu练(中国)功夫

11.tell stories讲故事

12.play games做游戏

13.on the weekend/on weekends在周末

用法集萃

1.play+棋类/球类下…棋/打…球

2.play the+西洋乐器弹/拉…乐器

3.be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth.擅长做某事

4.be good with sb.和某人相处地好

5.need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事

6.can+动词原形能/会做某事

7.a little+不可数名词一点儿…

8.join the…club加入…俱乐部

9.like to do sth.=love to do sth.喜欢/喜爱做某事

典句必背

1.—Can you draw?你会画画吗?

—Yes, I can./No, I can’t.是的，我会。/不，我不会。

2.—What club do you want to join?你想加入哪个俱乐部?

—I want to join the chess club.我想加入国际象棋俱乐部。

3.You can join the English club.你可以加入英语俱乐部。

4.Sounds good./That sounds good.听上去很好。

5.I can speak English and I can also play soccer.我会说英语也会踢足球。

6.Please call Mrs.Miller at 555-3721.请给米勒夫人拨打电话555-3721。

初一必备的英语知识

(1)speak的用法

speak与say不同：speak表示"说"的动作，不表示"说"的内容;say则表示"说"的内容。

speak后面除了能接"语言"外，不能直接接东西，后面加了to则表示"对......说"。

help sb.with sth.(帮助某人做/补习......)

want to do sth.(想要做某事)

would like to do sth.

not...at all(一点都不);Not at all.(没关系/别介意)

like...a lot= like...very much

(2)some和any的区别：

口诀：some用于肯定句，否定、疑问变any。例如：

I have some money.

I don't have any money.

Do you have any money?

(3)have a seat= take a seat(请随便坐)

(4)祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子)

祈使句一般都省略了主语You，所以其否定句直接用Don't开头。例如：

Don't go there！

(5)问职业：

What does sb.do?

What is sb.?

What's sb.'s job?

(6)work与job的区别：

work是未必有报酬的"工作"，例如homework, housework;而job则一定是有报酬的"工作"。

(7)on指在物体的表面，不论这个面是否水平的，例如：

on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground

(8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在医院里)

look after(照料/照顾/照看)

help oneself(请自便/随便吃)

(9)表示"建议"的句型："做某事如何?"

What about(doing) sth.?(英式英语)

How about(doing) sth.?(美式英语)

Why don't you do sth.?= Why not do sth.?

(10)"吃"一日三餐要用have：have breakfast/ lunch/ supper

have...for breakfast/ lunch/ supper

take one's order

be kind to sb.

(11)try on这个词组可合可分：名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面，但代词只能放在词组的中间。

(12)在口语中往往用take表示"买"。

(13)how many与how much的区别：

how many+可数名词;how much+不可数名词

(14)What do you think of...?是询问对方对某事物的看法;

How do you like...?是问对方对某事物喜欢的程度。

think about(考虑)

Thank you all the same.(即使对方没能帮上忙，也要礼貌道谢)

Thanks.= Thank you.(thank作为动词，不能单独使用。)

(15)one与it的区别：

当上下文说的是同一种类事物时，任意一个可以用one来代替;如果上下文所说的是同一个事物时则用it。

例如：

Ann：I have a yellow bag.

Jane：I have a green one.

Tom： Hey, Mike.Where is your bike?

Mike： Look, it's over there.

初一英语知识点

初一暑假日记作文：the morning

I got up at 6:40.in t he morning we had our breakfirst.Miss Ding gives us an English class.At first we have our dictation.Then we leard English.

In the afternoon, bloun Danide arrived in the class.We are exceited.We learned colour such as red, yellow, pink, purple, green, bulue and silver.

I’m expecting tomorrow.

初中英语集合名词专项语法的辅导

【—集合名词专项语法的辅导】集合名词专项语法通常涉及单数—复数型、单数型、复数型及单复同形型这几个方面向大家介绍的。

集合名词作主语时，主谓一致关系是一个较为复杂的问题。对此类问题我们可以从“数”的角度分为四类。

1）单数—复数型。凡是有复数词尾变化形式的集合名词都属于此类。如：a class—classes; a family—families; a government—governments; an army—armies; a people—peoples; a group—groups; a crowd—crowds; a crew—crews等。这类集合名词强调的是整体性，即当作一个整体或多个整体来看待。属于这类集合名词的单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数；复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

【例如】

A big crowd often gathers on the square every morning.

The government has decided to pass the bill.

There are huge crowds in the streets on Sunday.

There are many English-speaking peoples in the world.

但应注意，这类集合名词的单数形式有时表示复数概念，所以这些集合名词的单数形式也可归为“单复同形型”中。

2）单数型。这类集合名词表示的是人或事物的整体，即把这类人或事物的全部包括在内，所以只有单数形式。如作主语，谓语动词常用单数。这类名词常见的有：humanity, mankind, proletariat等。

【例如】The proletariat is the greatest class in the history of mankind.In the fields of production and scientific experiment, mankind makes constant progress.

3）复数型。这类集合名词在形式和内容上是相互矛盾的，就是说它们只有单数形式，但表达的都是复数概念。它强调的`是集体中的个体性。这类名词有：police, cattle, faculty, flock, machinery, vermin, personnel等。它们作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。

【例如】The police have caught the murder.

Our personnel are very highly trained.

The vermin are very dangerous.

4）单复同形型。这类集合名词的单数形式既可表示单数也可表示复数。作主语时，用单数动词或复数动词均可，有时意义区别不大。

【例如】The school teaching staff are（is） excellent.

The public is（are） requested not to litter in the park.

The teaching profession claim（s） to be badly paid.

这类集合名词常见的有：class, family, team, crew, board, herd, committee, party, jury, enemy, audience等。

根据说话人的心理意向若把这个集合名词所代表的人或事物看作一个整体，就认为是单数，用单数动词；若把它所代表的人或事物看作若干个个体的话，就认为其为复数，用复数动词。

试比较：The football team is playing well.

那个足球队打得非常漂亮。

The football team areshavingsbath and are then coming back here for tea.

足球队员们正在洗澡，然后来这里吃茶点。

The family is a very happy one.

那个家庭是一个非常幸福的家庭。

That family are very pleased about the news of William's success.

全家人对威廉的成功都感到很高兴。

上述的四个方面的介绍，同学们是否懂了呢？如果还有不懂的可以参考哦！

初中英语学习方法之读句子（1）

Hello.My name is Li Ming.What's your name?

你好，我叫李明。你叫什么名字？

（1）当你初次和陌生朋友见面时，要先主动的介绍自己，然后可以礼貌的请教对方的名字：用"What's your name?"回答时可以用I'm…或是My name is…。

下面是一些初次见面的问候语：

- Glad to meet you.

- Glad to meet you, too.

Nice to meet you.很高兴认识你。

Do you want to exchange numbers?你想不想交换电话呢？

May I introduce myself? My name is…我能介绍我自己吗？我叫……

（2）下面是一个我们常用句型的误区的更正：

初次见面的老外跟你说了句"How do you do"，估计多数人都会美滋滋地搬出学校教的那套，回敬一句"How do you do"。可英美人士却觉得你的回答有点买帽子当鞋穿——不对头。因为他们会觉得对话似乎没有得到回应，好像你并不高兴见到他一样。所以，当别人说How do you do的时候，你最好改答Nice to meet you.或者 It's a pleasure to meet you.

上面关于初次见面的问候语，同学们理解了吗？如果还没有理解的可以参考5068的初中网，那里有更多的学习方法哦！

初中英语作文大全之字典

【—之字典】字典在我们初期学习的时候是个很重要的工具，下面就关于字典的范文供大家参考！

Dictionary

Dictionaries are of great importance and use in study, no matter in Chinese learning or English learning.They are another teachers of us when we need some help.When we meet new words, the dictionaryat hand is the best choice to get help.The dictionary will tell us how the word pronounces, what it means and how to compose a phrase or sentence.And it will tell us the words with similar meanings or pronunciations.With the development of dictionaries, there are various types of dictionaries.Electronic dictionaries are the new ones.They are very popular among students,because they are easy to use and carry.But, we should use dictionaries properly and we can't depend on them all the time.Sometimes we needn't look up every new word in dictionary, but to guess its meaning according to the context.Besides, some small dictionaries or electronic dictionaries are not so comprehensive, the authoritative ones are the best.

不管是学习汉语还是学习英语，字典对学习很重要也很有用。当我们需要帮助的时候，字典是我们的另外一个老师。当我们遇到生词的时候，手边的字典是获得帮助的最佳选择。字典会告诉我们词怎么发音，什么意思以及怎样组成词组或造句。而且它会告诉我们它们的近义词或者近音词。随着字典的发展，字典的种类多种多样。它们在学生当中很受欢迎，因为他们使用方便，便于携带。但是，我们应该合理利用字典，不能总是依赖字典。有时候我们不需要每个生词都要查字典，而只需要根据上下文猜它的意思。除此之外，一些小字典或者电子词典不是很全面，权威的才是最好的。

上述是对字典的描述，同学们可以参考上文的写作写出自己心中的字典是什么样子的！

学习英语进步快揭秘：没有捷径勤学苦练

掌握好的学习方法非常重要，下面内容学习英语进步快揭秘：没有捷径勤学苦练，希望能给您带来一定帮助。

一、要有正确的学习态度

1.要勤学苦练。

学英语没有捷径可走，要真正掌握英语，达到运用自如的程度，非下苦功夫不可。下苦功夫就是要进行大量的听、说、读、写训练，使各项技能达到纯熟的地步。语言知识应该了解，但不下苦功在听、说、读、写上练习，仅靠死记硬背一些孤立的单词、一些语法条条，是很难掌握英语这一交际工具的。应该是Learning English而不是Learning about English。就像学游泳、跳芭蕾舞一样，对其理论掌握再好，不通过反复训练是永远也学不会的。

2.要持之以恒。

学习英语既然是练功夫的过程，就并不是那么轻松。要不怕困难，坚持学习。学如逆水行舟，不进则退，最忌“三天打鱼，两天晒网”。要日积月累，付出长期的努力。人贵有志，学贵有恒。

二、要掌握正确的学习方法

1.要过语音关。

语音是学习英语的第一关。不掌握正确的发音，就不敢大声朗读和对话，句子不能上口，后续的训练就难以进行。要仔细听老师的发音和录音带，大胆实践，反复模仿，对比纠正。不要怕出错。对中国学生来说要达到发音完全正确并非一日之功，要有信心，有耐心就一定能够成功。

2.注意英语和汉语的区别。

英语和汉语是两种不同的语言系统。如英语语音中的短元音、辅音连缀，以摩擦音、破擦音收尾音节等在汉语中都没有。英语有形态变化，如名词复数变化、动词时态变化等，而汉语基本上没有。英语语法和句子结构同汉语也存在着一些差异。中学生的汉语习惯已相当牢固，对英语学习有一定的干扰作用。从一开始就要养成良好的习惯，不要用汉字注音，不要用汉语句子套用英语句型。一旦通过大量的阅读，养成用英语思维的习惯，并产生英语语感，就会逐步减少犯“中国式英语”的错误的机会。

3.掌握规律，事半功倍。

虽然学习英语没有捷径可走，但掌握英语语言的规律，能起到事半功倍的作用。如记忆单词，要将单词的读音和拼写之间的关系联系起来，即掌握拼读规则，按前缀、后缀同词根或词干的复合关系，按反义、同义和同音关系，以及按单词在句子或语言环境中的关系来记单词就很容易记住，也有兴趣。学习语法也是一样，掌握词形的变化、句型的变化是学习语法的关键。规则很多，各种规则也有例外，要灵活记忆，不能死记规则，以偏概全。

初一英语单词翻译提升训练及答案三

【—初一英语单词翻译提升训练及答案三】同学们，特殊的，儿童，通常等这些单词大家还能熟练的写下来吗，下面老师就为大家总结一些单词翻译提升训练及答案，练习里有这些单词哦。详情请看

单词翻译提升训练

1.At Halloween we wear _______________(特殊的) costumes with masks.

2.June 1 is ________________(儿童) Day.

3.It’s ___________(通常) cold in December in Beijing.

4.There are four ___________(季节) in a year.The hottest one is summer.

5.I will visit some beautiful cities _______________(在……期间) my summer holiday.

6.We should get on well with our ____________(邻居) and help each other.

7.Mary is so ________________(兴奋的) when she hears the news.

8.I want to have my ________________(自己的) house when I grow up.

9.They will go _____________(穿过)the forest tomorrow.

10.Don’t ___________(喊叫).Your father is sleeping.

答案

1.special 2.Children’s 3.usually 4.seasons 5.during

6.neighbours 7.excited 8.own 9.through 10.shout

初中英语语法之介词的主要用法

【—语法之介词的主要用法】下面是针对英语中介词的主要用法知识的讲解，希望给同学们的英语学习提供很好的帮助。

介词的主要用法：

介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,

如：out of(从…中出来), because of(因为), away from(距离…), on初中数学 top of(在…顶上), ever since(自从…), next to(在…隔壁), according to(根据…), in front of(在…前方)等。

以上对英语中介词的主要用法知识的内容讲解学习，同学们都能很好的掌握了吧，后面我们进行更多的英语语法知识学习。

二、初一英语上册语法知识点总结

要想取得好的学习成绩，必须要有良好的学习习惯。习惯是经过重复练习而巩固下来的稳重持久的条件反射和自然需要。建立良好的学习习惯，就会使自己学习感到有序而轻松。以下是我为您整理的《初中一年级英语上册知识点总结》，供大家查阅。

初一英语上册语法知识点总结

Unit 1

词汇重点：

1. Good morning/ afternoon/ evening早上/下午/晚上好 Good night晚安(晚上告别)

2. glad/ nice to meet/ see you见到你很高兴(回答也一样)

3. welcome to+地点欢迎来到……(回答：Thank you或者Thanks)

4.let’s+ V(原)让我们做……

5. stand up起立 sit down坐下

6. this is-----这是……(用于介绍第三者的用语)

7. How do you do?你好(回答也是：How do you do?)

8. How are you?你好吗? Fine,thank you.and you?很好;谢谢;你呢?

I’m OK/ I’m fine, too.我也很好。

9.see you= see you later= see you soon= good-bye再见

10.excuse me打扰一下;请问

11.I’m-----= my name is----我是……

12. be from= come from来自

13.in English用英语

14.Can you spell it? Yes/ No你能拼写它吗?能/不能

15.That’s OK/ That’s all right/ You’re welcome/ Not at all不用谢

16.…… years old……岁

17.telephone number电话号码 QQ number QQ号码 ID number身份证

18.the same(相同的)反义词是 different(不同的)

例: We are in the same grade, but we are in different classes.

重点句子句型：

1. What is your name?你的名字是什么?

2. Where+be+主语+ from?某人来自于哪里?(回答：主语+be+地点)

Where are you from? I am from quanzhou.

3. How old+ be+主语?某人几岁?(回答：主语+ be+数字)

例： How old are you? I’m forteen.

4. What is your telephone number?你的电话号码是多少?

(回答：My telephone number is----或者It’s-------)注意：读出号码的时候要逐个读出。

5. What class/ grade+be+主语+ in?某人在哪一个班级/年级?

例：what class are you in? I am in Class Five.(注意：Class和 Five需要大写)

what grade are you in? I am in Grade Seven.(注意：Glass和 Seven需要大写)

6. What’s this/ that(in English)?这是什么?(回答：It’s a/an+单数名词.这是……)

What’ re these/ those(in English)?这些是什么?(回答：They’re+复数名词这些是……)

7. How do you spell it?你怎么拼写它? E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser.(注意拼读方法)

Unit 2

1.sb+ has/ have( an/a)+ adj+五官=== sb’s五官 is/ are+ adj(描述长相)

例：Lily has a small nose.= Lily’s nose is small.

2.I know= I see我明白了

3.That’s right那是对的

4.look the same look like看起来相像 look different看起来不同

例： Jim and Lilei look the same.== Jim looks like Lilei..

5. look at+ n看某物 look for+n寻找某人/某物 look after+n照顾某人

6.both两者都…… all三者或者三者以上都……

Both和 all位于 be动词或情态动词后，位于行为动词前。

例： We are both students. We both have black eyes. We can both speak English.

7. give sth to sb= give sb sth把某物给某人;(注意：如果sth是it或them，只能用前者)

8. have different looks== look different有着不同的长相(看起来不相像)

havethe same look.==look the same有着相同的长相(看起来很相像)

9.over there在那边 come in请进 go out出去

10. in+颜色或 in a/an/the+颜色+衣服表示穿着……颜色的衣服

常常接在名词的后面，表示穿----颜色衣服的……如 the girl in red is my sister.

11. too+ adj太……

12.pants和 shoes做主语,谓语动词用复数;但a pair of pants/ shoes作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式

例： His shoes are black. A pair of shoes is under the bed.

13. in the morning/ afternoom/ evening在早上/下午/晚上 at night在晚上

14.go shopping= go to the shop去购物类似的有 go swimming go fishing go skating等等

15.help sb.( to) do sth== help sb with sth帮助某人做某事注意：sb用代词时必须用宾格

16.high school中学

17.play+球类 play the乐器

18.think of认为，想 think about考虑 I think+从句我认为……

I think he you are right.否定式常否定主句，但翻译时要否定后面的从句

例：I don’t think he can come.我认为他不会来了.(不能说：我不认为他会来)

句型：

1. What do/does+主语+ look like?询问人的长相

例： What does your English teacher look like?

2.What’s-----and------?……加……是什么?(回答：It’s------)

例：What’s red and yellow? It’s orange. What’s two and five? It’s seven.

3.Whose+东西+ is this/ that? Whose+东西+are these/ those?这/这些是谁的……?

例：Whose coat is this? It is mine. Whose shoes are these? They are hers.

4.Who is the letter from?这封信来自于谁? It’s from Lily.它来自于莉莉。

5.What color be+东西?(回答：It’s+颜色或者 They’er+颜色)

例：What color is your dress? It’s black.

初一英语上册语法知识点总结

I.重点句型

Good morning/afternoon/evening.

Good morning/afternoon/evening.

How are you? I’m fine,/OK,thanks. Fine,thanks.

What’s this in English? It’s a map. It’s V.

Spell it please. K-E-Y.

What color is it/the key? It’s blue. The key is yellow.

Hello, Frank. Hello/Hi, Eric.

Unit 1 My name is Gina.

I.重点句型

What’s your name? My name is Jenny./I’m Jenny./Jenny.

Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.

What’s his name? His name is Jenny. Jenny.

What’s her name? Her name is Linda.. Linda.

What’s your first name? My first name is Jack. Jack.

What’s your last/family name?

My last/family name is Green. It’s Green.

What’s your/his/her phone number?

My/His/Her phone number is 234-4567./It’s 281-9176.

II.词组

1 name’s=name is名字是

2 I’m=I am我是

3 she’s=she is她是

he’s=he is他是

you’re=you are你是(复数形式)

they’re=they are他(她;它)们是

that’s=that is那是

isn’t=is not不是(单数形式)

he’s not=he is not=he isn’t他不是

what’s=what is什么是

where’s=where is在哪儿是

Let’s=Let us让我们

4 Nice to meet/see you见到你很高兴

5 last name=family name=surname姓氏

6 first name= given name名字

7 telephone number电话号码

=phone number电话号码

8 ID card身份证

9 Good morning(to sb)早上好

10 Good afternoon下午好

11 Good night/evening.晚上好

12 Sit down, please.=Have a seat, please.请坐

13 That’s all right.好;行;不用谢;没关系

That’s right.对的、正确的

All right.好的，行，好吧

14 Not at all.=It’s a/my pleasure.=That’s OK.

=You’re welcome.=That’s all right.不用谢

Unit 2 Is this your pencil?

I.重点句型

Is that/this/it your backpack? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. It’s his backpack.

This/That is my eraser.

How do you spell it/pen? P-E-N.

Call Allan at 486-67895 Call 685-6098 Call Mary. Phone# 235-7865.

Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.

II.词组

1 pencil case铅笔盒

2 pencil sharpener卷笔刀

3 pen pal=pen friend笔友

4 Thank you.=Thanks.谢谢你

5 in English用英语

6 computer game(s)电子游戏

7 Lost and Found失物招领

8 a set of一副;一套

a set of keys一串钥匙

9 who’s=who is谁是

11 it’s=it is它是

12 look at朝…看

13 ball-point pen圆珠笔

14 call sb at+电话号码打电话给某人

15 gold ring金戒指

16 school ID card校卡

17 See you later.=See you soon.再见

初一英语上册语法知识点总结

一、初一英语语法——词法

1、名词

A)、名词的数

我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：

一)在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas

二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes

三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories

2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways

四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如：radios, photos,但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯

五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves

六)单复数相同(不变的)有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese

七)一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks

八)单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员

九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers

十)有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代,次数, chicken鸡肉 chickens小鸡

十一)单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s), Ks(K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs

十二)特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen

B)名词的格

当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：

一)单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s

二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节

三)由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间)，Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)

2、代词

项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词

人称主格宾格形容词名词性

第一人称单数 I me my mine myself

复数 we us our ours ourselves

第二人称单数 you you your yours yourself

复数 you you your yours yourselves

第三人称单数 she her her hers herself

he him his his himself

it it its its this that itself

复数 they them their theirs these those themselves

3、动词

A)第三人称单数

当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：

一)一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains

二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes

三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries

2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys

四)以o结尾加es。如：does, goes

五)特殊的有：are-is, have-has

B)现在分词

当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：

一)一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing

二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having

三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show–showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning

四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying位于

4、形容词的级

我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或级形式。构成如下：

一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter–shortest, taller–tallest, longer–longest, nicer- nicest, larger-largest

二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er/est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest

三)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest

四)特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)

good/well- better best many/much- more most bad/ill– worse worst

little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest

5、数词(基变序，有规则;一、二、三，自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾，变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth

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三、through的用法总结

在英语学习中，我们需要记忆大量的单词，既要理解它们的意思，也要明白它们的用法，那么through的用法是什么呢？下面是我给大家带来的through的用法总结 _through的用法例句，以供大家参考，我们一起来看看吧!

▼▼目录▼▼

through的相关解释

through的用法总结

through的短语搭配

through的用法例句

prep.通过，穿过;经由;透过;凭借

adv.从头到尾;彻底;自始至终;

adj.(电话)接通;通话完毕;有洞的;直达的

一、作介词

(1)从…中通过;贯穿，穿过(强调丛物体内部或一定范围内)，透过

We started to push our way through crowds of children.

The River Thames flows through London. On our way we had to pass through Hudson Street.

The sunlight was coming in through the window. The sound echoed through the hall.

(2)通过，凭借(方法手段)，经由

He became rich through hard work and ability.

We learn to speak through speaking. He got the job through his uncle.

(3)由于，因为…的关系

He failed through lack of experience.

(4)自始至终;从头到尾/底

The children are too young to sit through a long concert.

We worked through the night.

(5)经受;经历

That was a small matter after the Cultural Revolution they had been through.

辨析：through,across,over(复习)

The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, _______ deserts, _______ mountains, ______ valleys, till at last it reaches the sea.

Go _______ the bridge _______ the river, and you will find the shop.

I have made friends right ________ the world.

The crowd of people walked past the City Hall to the Center Square.

Through& by表示“通过”时，through后常加名词表示手段媒介，而by后常加工具具体名词以及-ing形式。

He got that job through his uncle.

You can succeed by working hard. I sent the letter by airmail.

二、作副词

(1)通过，过去(可与许多动词连用)

The flood is too deep to drive through.

(2)彻底地;接通电话

Don’t tell me how it ends---I haven’t read it through.

You’re through to London, sir!

through的常见搭配

Get through

①通过;度过

He got through his examinations.

②做完;吃完;饮完

We managed to get through the work in four hours.

We got a lot of whisky at the party.

③打通电话(vi)

I couldn’t get through to my mother last night.

Go through①经历(痛苦困难)

You have no idea what I went through to get this finished in time.

②翻阅;检查查看

We shall go through the book together.

We must go through the accounts.

③通过，成交，被批准(vi)

If this deal doesn’t go through, we’re ruined.

The plan did not go through.

See through①看穿;看透 We saw through the trick.

②帮助渡过(see...through) It’ll be hard for you, but we’ll see you through.

Live through经历(而活过来) He has lived through two wars and three revolutions.

Look/ glance through匆匆看一遍;检查

I will look through the notes and see if they are worth reprinting.

Fall through失败 Through lack of funds the scheme fell through.

All through①在整整(这段时间)中;在整个范围内

They slept all through the day.

There was silence all through the little house.

②一直地 we hoped all through that you would come back.

Through thick and thin同甘共苦;无论是在患难或安乐中

They stuck together through thick and thin.

Be wet through湿透 Your clothes were are wet through with the rain.

Pull through使痊愈，脱险

We though that she was going to die but penicillin pulled her through.

Break through突围出来(breakthrough n.)

The soldiers were surrounded by the enemy but managed to break through.

>>>

through and through

完全,彻底,地地道道,彻头彻尾

go through

经历,遭受;仔细(或挨个)搜寻;被正式批准;用光;被连续出版;匆忙离开以躲避责任;潜逃

break through

突破,冲破;取得成就

come through

幸存,安然度过;脱险;发送,接收;总计;停泊;停止;审议后通报

see through

识破,看穿

pull through

摆脱疾病;渡过难关

run through

遍布;贯穿;弥漫

follow through

击球后做随球动作

live through

熬过

fall through

一无所成;失败

sit through

挨到(乏味或冗长的会议、表演)结束

muddle through

差强人意地应付;设法应付

show through

不经意地显露

check through

彻底检查;彻底调查

flick through

浏览;飞快翻阅

through the ages

自古至今;历史上

through thick and thin

不顾艰难险阻,赴汤蹈火,同甘共苦

through the back door

开后门;用不正当途径

wet through

完全湿透的

put me through to

为我接通电话

>>>

1. A brilliant shaft of sunlight burst through the doorway.

一束耀眼的阳光从门口照射进来。

2. The company I work for went through a rough patch.

我所在的公司经历了一段困难时期。

3. Mobutu ascended through the ranks, eventually becoming commander of the army.

蒙博托出身行伍，通过一级级晋升，最终成为了陆军司令。

4. The savoury smell greeted them as they went through the door.

他们进门时一阵香味扑鼻而来。

5. I went through about four years of being addicted to video games.

我大约有4年时间沉迷在电子游戏中。

6. The winner of each preliminary goes through to the final.

每场初赛的获胜者进入决赛。

>>>

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